Ƙaruwar juyin mulki a ƙasashen Afrika na da matuƙar tasiri wajen daƙile mulkin damokraɗiyya musamman kasancewar dama mulkin damokraɗiyyar ba ƙarfi yayi ba.
Juyin mulkin baya-bayan nan a yammacin Afirka ya raunana ƙarfi tare da haɗin kan ƙungiyar ECOWAS wanda ya sanya ƙasashen Burkina Faso, Mali da Nijar suka haɗa ƙungiyar Alliance of Sahel States AES.
Ƙasashen sun zargi ƙungiyar ta ECOWAS da zama ƴar koran ƙasashen yamma.
A baya dai ƙasashe rainon Ingila ne dai ke ganin ƙasashe rainon Faransa a matsayin waɗanda suke daƙile cigaban yankin ta fannin hana ruwa gudu kan wasu manufofi da ƙudurorin cigaban yankin na Afrika ta yamma.
Meke haddasa juyin mulki?
Ƙungiyar SWP dake ƙasar Jamus ta ce, yawancin lokuta dai waɗanda suke aiwatar da juyin mulki na bayyana cewa sunyi hakan ne domin matsalolin cikin gida wanda suka haɗa da;
1. Rikicin siyasa musamman lokacin zaɓen shugaban ƙasa. Yakan faru ne idan ana fara samun hatsaniya ko tarzoma bisa rashin gamsuwa da yanayin zaɓe ko sakamakon zaɓe.
To amma fa kafin zaɓen akan sami yiwuwar an yaɗa labaran ƙarya daga wata ƙasa ko kuma akwai goyon bayan wasu jami’an soji daga ƙasar waje domin kifar da gwamnati.
2. Ta’azzarar matsalolin tsaro. Wasu lokuta sojojin da sukayi juyin mulki na fakewa da batun taɓarɓarewar harkokin tsaro da gazawar gwamnatocin siyasa wajen magance matsalar.
3. Cin hanci da rashawa. Wannan matsala na cikin wacce ake fakewa da ita wajen yin juyin mulki.
Ita kuma Georgetown Journal ta bayyana cewa yawancin ƙasashen da suka fuskanci juyin mulki a Afrika daga 2020 banda Gabon sun kasance matalauta ƙasashe ne matuƙa.
Yadda juyin mulki a wasu ƙasashen Afrika ta yamma ya shafi tsaro a yankin
Tsakanin shekarar 2020 zuwa watan Afrilun 2024 an sami juyin mulki 9 yayin da aka sami waɗanda aka daƙile sau 9.
Wannan ya nuna cewa an sami ƙaruwar yinƙurin juyin mulki idan aka kwatanta da shekarun tsakanin 2010-2020. Wanda ke nuna cewa Damokraɗiyya na samun barazana.
Juyin mulki da akayi a ƙasashen Burkina Faso, Mali da Nijar ya ta’azzara taɓarɓarewar tsaro a yankin, musamman ficewar su daga ƙungiyar ECOWAS a cewar rahoton tsaro a yankin Sahel.
Duk da ficewa daga ƙungiyar ECOWAS da ƙasashen sukayi da kuma ɗakko sojin haya daga ƙasar Rasha, Burkina Faso da Mali na fama da ƴan ta’adda, wanda ya zuwa watan Nuwambar 2025 ƴan ta’adda ne ke rike da wasu sassan ƙasashen.
A rahoton baya-bayan nan an zargi hukumomin ƙasashen na Burkina Faso, Mali da Nijar da take haƙƙi da musgunawa ƴan jarida. Haka zalika rahotannin majalisar ɗinkin duniya ya nuna damuwa kan kisan fararen hula da sojojin haya keyi a ƙasashen Burkina Faso, Mali da kuma DRC.
Me yasa ƙasashen ke fara ƙawance da Rasha
A duk lokacin da aka sami juyin mulki, ƙungiyoyin yanki irin su ECOWAS da ƙungiyar haɗa kan Afrika da Tarayyar Turai EU, kan sanya takunkumi ga shugabannin sojo tare da bada wa’adin dawo wa zuwa mulkin damokraɗiyya.
To sai dai sojojin kan juya akala zuwa Rasha wacce ba ta sanya takunkumi saboda komawa mulkin soji daga damokraɗiyya.
A cewar European Council on Foreign Relations akwai dukkan alamomi dake nuna ƙasar Rasha na tasiri wajen wasu juyin mulki a nahiyar Afirka.
Rahoton ya bayyana juyin mulki ƙasar Burkina Faso, goyon bayan shugaban kasar Afrika ta tsakiya CAR Faus3n-Archange Touadéra.
Goyon bayan madugun adawar ƙasar Angola wanda hukumomin ƙasar suka kama wasu ƴan ƙasar Rasha da hannu wajen yaɗa labaran ƙarya da farfaganda.
Barazana ga damokraɗiyyar Najeriya
Duk da cewa damokraɗiyya na da ƙarfi a Najeriya idan aka kwatanta da mafi akasarin ƙasashen Afrika, to amma rahoton baya-bayan nan na yinƙurin juyin mulki na nuna wani abu ga damokraɗiyyar ƙasar.
Rahotannin dai sun tabbatar da kama wasu sojoji da dama kan wannan yinƙuri duk da cewa gwamnati da hukumomin sojin ƙasar sun musunta hakan.
Akwai dai wasu dalilai da zasu sanya wasu ƙasashen duniya su goyi bayan juyin mulki a Najeriya domin kawo ƙarshen damokraɗiyya.
Tuni dai Najeriya ke fama da yaɗuwar labaran ƙarya daga waje wanda ke ƙoƙarin ingiza matasa yin bore, yayin da ƙasar ke fama da matsalar tsaro a sassa daban-daban.
Najeriya na da tarihin juyin mulki a shekarun baya, kuma wasu ƴan kasar basu gamsu da yanayin mulkin ƴan siyasa ba musamman saboda matsalolin cin hanci da rashawa da rashin mulki na gari.
Yaɗuwar labaran ƙarya na musamman
Yanzu dai yammacin Afirka da Sahel sun kasance yankunan da labaran ƙarya da farfaganda daga ƙasashen waje sukayi katutu.
Masana harkokin yaɗa labarai da tantance labarai sun nuna damuwa kan yadda ake amfani da ƙirƙirarriyar basirar AI wajen yaɗa labaran ƙarya a yankin yammacin Afirka.
An dai ga yadda ake amfani da ƙirƙirarriyar basirar AI wajen kamala shugaban ƙasar Burkina Faso Ibrahim Traore wajen yaɗa hotuna da bidiyon sa na ƙarya.
